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> Why did Java fail though

Um, Java has dominated enterprise computing, where the money is, for 25+ years.

There's no money in browser runtimes. They're built mostly defensively, i.e., to permit ads or to prohibit access to the rest of the machine.

> why would wasm succeed when the underlying philosophy is the same?

wasm is expressly not a source language; people use C or rust or Swift to write it. It's used when people want to move compute to the browser, to save server resources or move code to data instead of data to server. Thus far, it hasn't been used for much UI, i.e., to replace Javascript.

Java/Oracle spent a lot of money to support other JVM languages, including Kotlin, Scala, Clojure - for similar reasons, but also without trying to replace Javascript, which is a loss leader for Google.



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